J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 261, Issue 14, 6272-6278, May, 1986
Pressure dependence of equilibria and kinetics of Escherichia coli ribosomal subunit association
C Pande and A Wishnia
Equilibria and rates were observed over the ranges 1-1600 atm, 3-10 mM
Mg2+, at 60 mM NH4Cl, pH 7.5, 20 degrees C, by light scattering. The main
reaction is accurately represented at all conditions by the following
phenomenological equations. 30 S + 50 S = 70 S, KA70 = ka/kd = [70 S]/[30
S][50 S] The equilibrium constants obey simple rules: the volume of
association, delta VA0, has the constant value 242 +/- 9 ml/mol,
independent of pressure, at all Mg2+ concentrations; the derived values of
log KA70 at 1 atm increase linearly with log [Mg2+] at a slope of 7.5. In
contrast, the rate constants show a clear break at 6 mM Mg2+: below 6 mM,
log ka decreases with pressure with a delta Va of 105 +/- 9 ml/mol and
increases with log [Mg2+] at a slope of 4.9; above 6 mM, these values are
halved; a split can actually be seen at 6 mM Mg2+, near 500 atm. The usual
two-step mechanism for second order reactions in solution, which would
insert a 70 S' species, either an encounter complex or a true low
concentration steady state intermediate, into the above equation can
accommodate these results: as [Mg2+] increases, the rate of transformation
of 70 S' into 70 S finally predominates over the rate of dissociation of 70
S' into subunits. The bulk of the pressure effects and all of the [Mg2+]
dependence arise from the progressive increase in delta GA0 (electrostatic)
that occurs when 30, 50, and 70 S particles all lose equivalent fractions
of their internal Mg2+ in response to increases in pressure or decreases in
[Mg2+].