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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 261, Issue 20, 9274-9281, Jul, 1986
Different calcium dependence of the capping and cutting activities of villin
J Northrop, A Weber, MS Mooseker, C Franzini-Armstrong, MF Bishop, GR Dubyak, M Tucker and TP Walsh
The concentration of ionized calcium required for the capping of barbed
filament ends by villin is about 4 orders of magnitude lower than that
required for the cutting activity of villin. Capping was 50% complete at
about 10-30 nM Ca2+, a level expected in resting cells, whereas the cutting
rate was half-maximal at about 200 microM, making it possible to completely
separate filament capping from filament cutting. Analysis of capping in
terms of coupled equilibria between calcium binding to villin and
calcium-villin binding to the barbed ends of actin filaments gives a value
of 10(16)-10(17) M-2 for the product of the two binding constants. By
comparison the binding constant reported for the rapidly exchanging calcium
sites on villin is 2 X 10(5) M-1 and that for binding of calcium-saturated
villin to barbed ends has a minimum value of 10(11) M-1 giving a product of
2 X 10(16) M-1. The close similarity of the two sets of values suggests
that capping is regulated by the rapidly exchanging calcium sites on
villin. In terms of coupled equilibria the calcium requirement for filament
capping decreases with increasing concentrations of free villin. The scant
information on the mechanism of cutting allows only an estimate of the
maximal value for the calcium-binding constant of the site regulating
cutting which is about 2-5 X 10(3) M-1. Cutting is followed by rapid
capping of the newly released barbed ends.

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Copyright © 1986 by the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.
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