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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 265, Issue 14, 7900-7906, 05, 1990

Cloning and expression of human liver UDP-glucuronosyltransferase in COS-1 cells. 3,4-catechol estrogens and estriol as primary substrates

JK Ritter, YY Sheen and IS Owens
Section on Drug Biotransformation, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.

The human cDNA clone, UDPGTh-2, encoding a liver UDP- glucuronosyltransferase (transferase) was isolated from a lambda gt11 cDNA library by hybridization to the mouse transferase cDNA clone, UDPGTm-1 (Kimura, T., and Owens, I. S. (1987) Eur. J. Biochem.168, 515- 521). The two clones have nucleotide sequence identities in the coding region of 74%. UDPGTh-2 encodes a 529-amino acid protein with an NH2 terminus membrane-insertion signal peptide and a carboxyl terminus membrane-spanning region. There are three potential asparagine-linked glycosylation sites at residues 67, 68, and 315. In order to establish substrate specificity, the clone was inserted into the pSVL vector (pUDPGTh-2) and expressed in COS-1 cells. The presence of a transferase with Mr congruent to 52,000 in transfected cells cultured in the presence of [35S]methionine was shown by immunocomplexed products with goat antimouse transferase IgG (Mackenzie, P. I., Hjelmeland, L. H., and Owens, I. S. (1984) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 231, 487-497) and protein A-Sepharose and analysis by sodium dodecyl sulfate- polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and autoradiography. The transferase is a glycoprotein as indicated by a shift in Mr congruent to 3000-4000 when expressed in the presence of tunicamycin. Sixty potential substrates were tested using cells transfected with pUDPGTh-2. The order of relative substrate activity was as follows: 4-hydroxyestrone greater than estriol greater than 2-hydroxyestriol greater than 4- hydroxyestradiol greater than 6 alpha-hydroxyestriol greater than 5 alpha-androstane-3 alpha,11 beta,17 beta-triol = 5 beta-androstane-3 alpha,11 beta,17 beta-triol. There were only trace amounts of glucuronidation of 2-hydroxyestrone and 2-hydroxyestradiol, and, in contrast to other cloned transferases, no glucuronidation of either the primary estrogens/androgens (estrone, 17 beta-estradiol/testosterone, androsterone) or any of the exogenous substrates tested. A Lineweaver- Burk plot of the effect of 4-hydroxyestrone concentration on the velocity of glucuronidation shows an apparent Km of 13 microM. The unique specificity of this transferase for 3,4-catechol estrogens and estriol suggests it may play an important role in regulating the level and activity of these potent and active estrogen metabolites.
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