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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 277, Issue 49, 46845-46848, December 6, 2002
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From the School of Biological Sciences, University of East
Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
Maspin is a member of the serpin family of
protease inhibitors and is a tumor suppressor gene acting at the level
of tumor invasion and metastasis. This in vivo activity
correlates with the ability of maspin to inhibit cell migration
in vitro. This behavior suggests that maspin inhibits
matrix-degrading proteases, such as those of the plasminogen activation
system, in a similar manner to the serpin PAI-1. However, there is
controversy concerning the protease inhibitory activity of maspin. It
is devoid of activity against a wide range of proteases, in common with
other non-inhibitory serpins, but has recently been reported to inhibit
plasminogen activators associated with cells and other biological
surfaces (Sheng, S. J., Truong, B., Fredrickson, D., Wu, R. L., Pardee, A. B., and Sager, R. (1998) Proc. Natl. Acad.
Sci. U. S. A. 95, 499-504; McGowen, R., Biliran, H., Jr.,
Sager, R., and Sheng, S. (2000) Cancer Res. 60, 4771-4778). We have compared the effects of maspin with those of PAI-1
in a range of situations in which plasminogen activation is
potentiated, reflecting the biological context of this proteolytic
system: urokinase-type plasminogen activator bound to its
receptor on the surface of tumor cells, tissue-type plasminogen
activator specifically bound to vascular smooth muscle cells, fibrin,
and the prion protein. Maspin was found to have no inhibitory effect in
any of these situations, in contrast to the efficient inhibition
observed with PAI-1, but nevertheless maspin inhibited the migration of
both tumor and vascular smooth muscle cells. We conclude that maspin is
a non-inhibitory serpin and that protease inhibition does not account
for its activity as a tumor suppressor.
ACCELERATED PUBLICATION
Maspin Inhibits Cell Migration in the Absence of Protease
Inhibitory Activity*
*
This work was supported by Grant PG/1999079 from the British
Heart Foundation.The costs of publication of this
article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article
must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in
accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
Senior Research Fellow of the British Heart Foundation. To whom
correspondence should be addressed: School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK. Tel.: 44-1603-592570; Fax: 44-1603-592250; E-mail: v.ellis@uea.ac.uk.
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